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03. Isola del Liri to Venafro

Un percorso ciclabile con partenza da Isola del Liri, Lazio, Italia.
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PanoramicaSu questo percorso
5 h 19 min
Durata
81,6 km
Distanza
1.842 m
Salita
1.858 m
Discesa
15,4 km/h
Velocità media
523 m
Altitudine max.
DrPARcreato 1 mese fa
Foto del percorso
Foto 1 del percorso Bikemap "03. Isola del Liri to Venafro"
Qualità del percorsoTipi di percorsi e superfici lungo il percorso
Tipi di percorso

  • Strada tranquilla

    50,6 km62 %

  • Strada

    10,6 km13 %

  • Sentiero

    4,9 km6 %
Superfici

Asfaltato

5,7 km(7 %)

Non asfaltato

1,6 km(2 %)

  • Asfalto

    5,7 km7 %

  • Ghiaia

    1,6 km2 %

  • Non definito

    74,3 km91 %
Punti salienti del percorsoPunti di interesse lungo il percorso

  1. Punto di interesse dopo 12,7 km

    Lago di Posta Fibreno

  2. Punto di interesse dopo 16,6 km

    Vicalvi Castle Castello di Vicalvi

  3. Punto di interesse dopo 32,5 km

    Atina - Palazzo Ducale "Cantelmo" The ancient village of Atina stands in a dominant position, close to the Meta mountain group , in the heart of the Mainarde , in the upper Melfa valley , the Comino Valley . The origins and the legend There are various opinions on the origin of the name. Some believe it was founded by Saturn (Saturnus in Latin, Cronos in Greek), who named it after his grandson Anitinus ; some say it derives from Ate , the goddess of deception. Others from Atinia , a type of elm; most from Athena , from Pallas , protector of the city, which in Greek is Ἀθηνᾶ , read Atina. An ancient legend tells that Saturn, driven out by Jupiter , took refuge with Janus , who reigned in the peninsula of Citi (Italy) and governed with him for a long time. Saturn founded five cities beginning with the letter “A”: Atina , Arpino , Antinum (today Ferentino), Alatri and Anagni . Ancient history Virgil , in the Aeneid , defines it as “powerful” (Aen. VII, 630). M. Valerius Martialis calls it ancient in his epigrams (book X, 92.2). Cicero , in his oration pro Planco , describes it as a rich Prefecture (chap. VIII). Atina is mentioned by the historians Titus Livius , Diodorus Siculus , Gaius Pliny Secundus , C. Silius Italianicus , Claudius Ptolemy , Valerius Maximus , as well as Frontinus , who include it among the Roman colonies. To these authoritative voices are added others who would like to identify it as a fierce stronghold of the warlike Volsci who, in case of danger, retreated with their livestock within the walls. Studies conducted by Dr. GR Bellini of the Archaeological Superintendency for Lazio have allowed us to attribute to the city a strategic importance of primary importance starting from the 4th century BC on the occasion of the arrival of the Samnite people . The Samnites quickly erected a double imposing barrier of polygonal walls, with the task of controlling and defending the access routes to Samnium (the road from Cassino and therefore from the coast and the road from Sora , that is from the Middle Liri Valley). Along these roads you can still come across some sanctuaries today, such as that of “Pescarola” , where the cult of water was practiced in honour of the deities of the woods. In 293 BC the Atina countryside was sacked (Livy, X, 39.5) by the Roman legions engaged in destroying the enemy positions of Aquilonia and Cominium (third Samnite war). The Roman era With the Roman occupation of the city, changes began that affected the customs and traditions of the Atinates . A gradual urban transformation was undertaken, creating an urban grid consisting essentially of the Forum, the center of the city, and two main axes (cardo and decumanus). The Atinates continually opposed these transformations, repeatedly rebelling against Roman occupation. Having become a colony, it was registered in the Teretina Tribe , but its inhabitants were not granted any rights. At the beginning of the 1st century BC, it was the center of battles between Italics, Marsi, and Samnites against the Romans, and, due to its hostile and rebellious behavior, it became a "municipium" only after the death of Caesar . After the urban transformations it underwent, Atina became the holiday resort of wealthy noble families, some of whom – such as the gens. Planco , Pomponio , Saturnina , Rufo – built splendid villas there according to the canons of Hellenistic architecture. Meanwhile, numerous country residences sprang up throughout the territory. Among the most important public works were the Forum with the Thermal Baths , the Imperial Baths , the Amphitheatre , and the Aqueduct that brought water from the springs of Chiusi to the city through an underground conduit. The conquest of Zottone For a long period there was no further news of Atina, until the second half of the 16th century, when it was remembered during the conquest of the Lombard duke of Benevento, Zottone (571-591). In the final decade of the 6th century, Aquinum and, a little further north, Atina, constituted the Lombards' outermost possessions near the territory of the Duchy of Rome. Zotto , the first Duke of Benevento, likely devastated both cities. The inhabitants of Aquino were massacred by the Lombards, and then decimated by the plague, so much so that upon the death of Bishop Giovino, it was impossible to elect a successor. “We do not know what the deeds of Zottone, Duke of Benevento, were during these times; we only know that during these times he took and destroyed the city of Atina, and killed the Holy Bishop Felice there.” Critical-diplomatic Annals of the Kingdom of Naples, Volume 1 (1795) – page 130 According to the Chronicon Atinense , Atina was conquered and destroyed by an unspecified dux Beneventanus , and on that occasion, Bishop Felix was martyred. The date of the destruction of the monastery of Montecassino also remains uncertain, as does the very possibility of dating it to the last decade of the century. The Middle Ages In the Middle Ages, the city's history was intertwined with the events of the Duchy of Benevento, the County of Capua, and the Counts of Marsi and Aquino. Since the 6th century, the city was divided into three or four distinct and separate nuclei: between the Collegiate Church and the actual classical center, separated by a wide undeveloped strip, the magnificent Collegiate Church of Santa Maria was built in 1044 , which served as the city's main church for seven hundred years. The third nucleus was located on the hill of Santo Stefano , built on a previous Roman settlement to control the plain below. Finally, the Cancello nucleus , mentioned several times by our own MA Palombo. The Renaissance Having become a fiefdom of the Cantelmo family, on September 9, 1349, Atina was completely razed to the ground by a terrible earthquake , wreaking death and destruction. Duke Rostaino Cantelmo thus began construction of his palace . It was built on the ruins of an earlier fortress, and new, more solid walls were erected. While it was expanded and embellished, Atina passed from one lord to another. From the Carafas to the Borgias , from the Navarros to the Cardonas, until in 1594 it was purchased by the Gallio family , the last feudal lords of the Comino Valley. Thus began a long period of political stability, which saw a slow but progressive building expansion characterised by the construction of many stately homes and churches. The Archbishop's Palace of San Marco (1598-1600), the Capuchin Convent , and the five-pillar bridge over the Melfa (1690) were built . The church of San Giovanni Battista was renovated (1746) and only later was it also dedicated to the Virgin Mary. The Modern Age In the first half of the 19th century, the Visocchi paper mill was inaugurated on the banks of the Melfa River. In 1927, the city was incorporated into the new province of Frosinone, having previously belonged to the province of Caserta in the Terra di Lavoro region. Once the deep wounds of the Second World War had healed, Atina began to expand in the valley floor around the new nucleus of Ponte Melfa

  4. Punto saliente 4 lungo il percorso Bikemap "03. Isola del Liri to Venafro"

    Punto di interesse dopo 50,5 km

    Rocca Janula Castle

  5. Punto di interesse dopo 50,8 km

    Abbey of Montecassino Cassino is best known for its historic abbey, the abbey of Montecassino, located at 520m in altitude on the hill Monte Cassino. Around AD 529, the first monastery was established there by St. Benedict of Nursia. The monastery has been visited repeatedly over the past centuries by various Popes and senior clergy, among them Pope Benedict XVI. As decided upon in the reforms of the Second Vatican Council, the monastery is one of the few remaining territorial abbeys within the Catholic Church.

  6. Punto di interesse dopo 51,6 km

    side trip to Abbey 10km each way 470m ↑

  7. Punto di interesse dopo 51,6 km

    Train Station Cassino to Venafro 15min 1035 or 1604

  8. Punto di interesse dopo 64 km

    Chiesa di San Nicola A medieval church of remarkable beauty. The frescoes inside, dating from the 11th to 14th centuries, are of unique beauty, particularly the cycle of frescoes depicting the Seven Works of Mercy and the life and martyrology of Saint Margaret of Antioch.

  9. Punto saliente 9 lungo il percorso Bikemap "03. Isola del Liri to Venafro"

    Punto di interesse dopo 81,3 km

    Centro Storico

  10. Punto di interesse dopo 81,3 km

    A Roman amphitheater whose oval layout remains intact. Around its perimeter are ancient stables and low buildings, currently unused.

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